Chemistry | LFP | LCO | NMC | NCA |
Full Name | Lithium Iron Phosphate | Lithium Cobalt Oxide | Lithium Nickel Magnanese Cobalt Oxide | Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide |
Voltages | 3.2V, 3.3V Nominal | 3.6V Nominal | 3.6V, 3.7V Nominal | 3.6V Nominal |
Specific Energy (Capacity/kg) |
90-120WH/kg | 150-200Wh/kg | 150-220 Wh/kg | 200-260 Wh/kg |
Charge Rate (C-Rate) |
1C | .37-1C | 0.7-1C | 0.7C |
Discharge Rate (C-Rate) |
1C, 25C possible | 1C | 1C, 2C possible | 1C |
Cycle Life | 2,000+ | 500-1,000 | 1,000-2,000 | 500 |
Thermal Run-Away | 270°C (518°F) |
150°C (302°F) |
210°C (410°F) | 150°C (302°F) |
Applications | Portable and Stationary energy storage units, Lead-acid replacement | Mobile phones, tablets, laptops | E-bikes, medical devices, EV's, Industrial, laptops | Medical devices, industrial, electrical, powertrain (Tesla) |
Comments | Low Capacity. One of the sagest chemistries. Elevated self-discharge means better storage. | Very high specific energy, limited specific power. Cobalt is expensive. Serves as energy Cell. No longer Relevant | High capacity and high power. Favorite Chemistry in lightweight applications | Similar to LCO, serves as energy cell. Currently used by Tesla |
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